Translation of "Enterotoxin" in German

Thanks to molecular-biological analysis, we today know that Clostridium per- fringens forms both chromosomally as well as plasmide-coded enterotoxin.

The safety of DUKORAL was assessed in clinical trials, including both adults and children from 2 years of age, conducted in endemic and non-endemic countries for cholera and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) producing heat-labile enterotoxin (LT).

Process according to claim 1, which comprises using Concanavalin A, Phytohaemagglutinin or staphylococcus enterotoxin as mitogenic agent.

Examples of such toxins include, but are not limited to ricin, abrin, Pertussis toxin, Shigella-like toxin, Cholera toxin, Staphylococcus exotoxin A, heat-stable and heat-labile Enterotoxin, Pseudomonas exotoxin A and diphtheria toxin.

The spores form a heat-labile enterotoxin in the small intestine – preformed toxins are taken up more rarely; this requires, however, a very high initial B. cereus bacterial count in the food.

In this connection it was shown that all strains capable of causing food poison- ing excrete without exception chromo- somally formed CPE during the sporula- tion phase, whereas strain isolates gained from patients with AAD or SD form only plasmide-coded enterotoxin.

Some strains are able to induce additional toxins causing intestinal disorders in humans (cpe, enterotoxin) or horses, piglets, dogs, and calves (cpb2+, Beta2-toxin).

Furthermore, the vaccine according to the invention can also be administered together with adjuvants, such as bacterial toxins, e.g. cholera toxin or heat-stable E. coli enterotoxin, chemical adjuvants or with cytokines, e.g., with GM-CCF.

Other known chromosomally encoded pathogenicity factors are e.g. the secreted and thermally stable enterotoxin Yst, the so-called “mucoid Yersinia factor” MyfA of Y. enterocolitica, or the homologous pH 6 antigen PsaA of Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis, the yersiniabactin-siderophore system encoded on the so-called high-pathogenicity island (HPI) (FyuA receptor with Irp1-9), the Ysa Type-III secretory apparatus, the lipopolysaccharide LPS that is characteristic of all Gram-negative bacteria, the enzyme urease and the toxin complex TC that is active against insects (tcbA, tcaC, tccC).

An English study carried out in 2002 in 200 patients suffering from antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) revealed that 8 % of them hosted C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), 16 % C. difficile toxin A/B, and 2 % toxins of both pathogens.

Results of new research suggest that THC is a potent anti-inflammatory compound that may serve as a novel therapeutic to suppress lung inflammation caused by a toxin of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (enterotoxin B).

The virus infects intestinal cells and, after a short incubation period (12 hours to approximately 3 days), leads to drastic electrolyte shifts and to the death of cells with resulting insufficient digestion, caused in part by the enterotoxin NSP4.

Some patients, against oppression of normal flora by reception of antibiotics have an avalanche growth of population C.difficile to its change toxigenic properties, including the crushing defeat of a mucous membrane of a thick gut becomes synthesis increase enterotoxin And and V.Rezultatom's cytotoxin of it.

Reason for the pathogenicity is the virulence factors toxin A and B. Toxin A is an enterotoxin, which is responsible for diarrhoea and inflammation of the large intestine.

The virus infects intestinal cells and, after a short incubation period (12 hours to approximately 3 days), leads to drastic electrolyte shifts and to the death of cells, caused in part by the enterotoxin NSP4.

Since the enterotoxin is capable of stably persisting in stool specimens for 2 days at 2 - 8 °C and for a longer time at -20 °C, CPE diagnosis can also be readily used as a "second line" diagnostic method following a C. difficile-toxin A/B-negative finding, especially under the considera- tion that is more than just sensible from the viewpoint of differential diagnostics.

Science/Animal: THC reduced inflammation of the lung caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus Results of new research suggest that THC is a potent anti-inflammatory compound that may serve as a novel therapeutic to suppress lung inflammation caused by a toxin of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (enterotoxin B).

In addition, criteria for staphylococcal enterotoxins should be laid down for cheeses and powdered milk.

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) have the ability to form enterotoxins in the intestine.

On 26 and 27 March 2003 the SCVPH adopted an opinion on staphylococcal enterotoxins in milk products, particularly in cheeses.

Chapter 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 provides for the analytical reference method for staphylococcal enterotoxins in certain cheeses, milk powder and whey powder.

Excluding cheeses where the manufacturer can demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the competent authorities, that the product does not pose a risk of staphylococcal enterotoxins.

Many microorganisms, although hindered by chlorine in their reproducibility, are nevertheless capable of producing enterotoxins.

As an example, heat killed Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) or their components (muropeptide, lipoteichoic acid, enterotoxins, streptolysin O) initiate a similar reaction (FIG. 3).

The prerequisite for food poisoning to occur through coagulase-positive staphylococci is that the pathogens multiply sufficiently in the product and that heat-stable enterotoxins will be developed coincidentally by the pathogens.

In an inpatient setting, approximately ten to twenty percent of patients are diagnosed with Klostridia difficile enterotoxins (an anaerobic bacterium common throughout the country).

Binding of the peptides guanylin and uroguanylin or else heat-stable enterotoxins (STa) increases the intracellular cGMP concentration, thus inducing signal transduction processes inside the cell.