Translation of "Durchhärten" in English

A core hardening of the tappet with its familiar negative consequences is thus avoided.

A core hardening of the valve tappet with its known disadvantages is thus avoided.

The series UV AtmosFair LC does not require short-wave UV radiation for through hardening.

A quenching following the heating process then leads to the desired, e.g., martensitic through-hardening.

For the unmodified resin, 8 runs were necessary for complete curing.

The series UV AtmosFair HR does not require short-wave UV radiation for through hardening.

Uniform harden guarantees ultimate adhesion.

The series UV AtmosFair H does not require short-wave UV radiation for through hardening.

It is particularly advantageous that the new adhesive plastisols may be hardened without any need for additional fixing.

However, the case- or through-hardening of the raceway elements is associated with a relatively high consumption of energy.

This has a setting time of almost 60 minutes and needs 24 hours to harden completly.

However, a serious disadvantage lies in the fact that, where polyepoxides are hardened at room temperature, particularly in thin layers, cyanoethylated polyamines are not sufficiently hardened on account of atmospheric influences so that, even after hardening for several days, unattractive and tacky surfaces are obtained.

The overall resistance of the kneading disc to wear and tear may normally be increased by hardening, either through a nitriding process or by case hardening or by a hardening throughout of the entire component.

However, in the case of the systems according to the above-mentioned prior art, the increase in processing time which is made possible by blocking of the isocyanate groups is offset by the disadvantage that the systems are too sluggish in reaction at room temperature to guarantee satisfactory hardening of the lacquer coatings produced therefrom.

The cycle times for manufacturing the molded components are not unreasonably prolonged by the delayed hardening reaction, since the thermal conductivity of the duromers is the predominant factor controlling the hardening rate of the molding compound.

Furthermore, the compositions should harden rapidly even at room temperature and result in coatings and lacquers having a smooth, glossy, tack-free surface and a good balance between hardness and elasticity.

Since the carbon necessary for such casehardening is then present only in the thin surface layer, accidental hardening all the way through the tube section is not possible.

It is important to avoid the use of cement because heat and time are required for hardening and cement in warm surroundings is decomposed and can crumble off.

On addition, beads of iron calcium alginate are formed which become fully hardened at a temperature of 4° C. in a period of 12 hours.

Higher contents of vinyl esters may furthermore cure only inadequately at low temperatures and have a tendency towards greater shrinkage.

In this way, the residual heat that still exists in the camshaft following the quenching that is thus performed can be used for the tempering of the camshaft, so that a frequently undesired full hardening of the shafts can be safely prevented.

In contrast, the method according to DE 39 27 276 A1 not only makes possibly a significant increase of the hardening depth, but also makes possible in a particularly simple manner a complete through hardening particularly of rod-shaped load products having diameters of up to 70 mm by subjecting the rolled product of steel immediately after the rolling process to high flow velocities in a cooling section provided with cooling media.

A process for the production of a coating, comprising applying a coating composition according to claim 1 to a substrate to be coated, curing the surface of the film obtained with high-energy radiation, and allowing the deeper layers to cure thoroughly at room temperature or with heating.

These 1 K-RTV compositions are fundamentally different from the so-called 2 K-RTV compositions which completely harden in thick layers within a very short time after mixing the constituents and are usually used as molding compositions.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide hardening agents for 1,2-polyepoxides which not only have a long pot life and are suitable for the production of compact mouldings, optionally by hardening under heat, but also harden in thin layers over a period of 24 hours at room temperature to form clear, glossy non-tacky films with a fault-free surface, i.e. without any blooming or so-called fish-eye effects.

The structuring of the surface by calendering is then typically followed directly by complete, thorough drying in the case of solvent-based or aqueous PM preparations, or by complete through curing in the case of UV-curable or electron beam curable preparations.

With a cationically initiated UV-curable PM preparation, the partial curing is achieved by irradiation with sufficiently low UV dose rates, which are still too low to lead to complete, through curing of the layer (the process should not be interrupted in the case of cationic curing, since dark curing leads to complete, through curing after a certain period of time, stop times can be critical accordingly).