Translation of "Elektronenhülle" in English

It also plays an important role in the shell of electrons around the atoms.

Ions are atoms in which part of the electron shell has been removed.

In SiO2 the displacement of electron shell follows the exciting electric field.

For the electron polarisation, the external field causes a deformation of the electron shell of the atoms.

Inside the electron sheath of excited atoms electrons move a thousand times as fast.

The nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

Atoms that have lost part of their shell of electrons are known as ions.

The currently accepted theory of the atomic shell is the so called atomic orbital model.

How does a beam manage to remove electrons form a solid electron shell of an atom?

A hole is left in the atomic shell from which the electron has been knocked out.

Each atom has 4 electrons in its outer atomic shell, that are called Valence Electron.

The resulting displacement of the electron shell is shown in a simple atomic picture for both materials.

This effect is generated by a complex interaction of light with the atomic electron shell.

During ionization of any other atom is still electron shell, shielding the nucleus.

Inside the electron shell of excited atoms electrons fly a thousand times faster.

The electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in the shell of an atom at various energy states.

During ionization of any other atom is still electron shell, shielding the nucleus.

The charge is held in the top of the electroscope terminal by the attraction of the inducing charge.

According to other embodiments of the invention, the pulse length may, however, be practically infinite in which case, however, the selection of the primary ions to be excited is controlled, due to the sharply defined energy of the exciting particles or photons, by exciting very specific energy levels of the electron envelope of these ions.

Depending on the ray used, ionization of the particles to be examined is then effected either by absorption of the photon energy in the electron envelope or by particle collision.

For example, a compound of the formula V in which X represents a leaving group having high polarisability of the electron shell, for example iodine, can be reacted in a polar aprotic solvent, for example acetone, acetonitrile, nitromethane, dimethyl sulphoxide or dimethylformamide, with the silver salt of a carboxylic acid, for example silver acetate.

With E/p==(0.075 V/Pa·cm), about 70% of the energy delivered by the electrons is used for the desired excitation of oscillations of the gas molecules, whereas, when observing this relation, only a small part of the electron energy serves for the excitation of the electron sheaths and for the ionization of the atoms, thus getting lost in view of the attainable optical output performance.

Because, in their ground level state, most implantation elements exhibit an angular momentum of the electron shell and thus a magnetic dipole moment, those elements can be focused and deflected by magnetic fields.

The controlled light waveforms opened the way to generating single attosecond X-ray pulses reproducibly from laser pulse to laser pulse by controlled excitation of gigantic oscillations of the electron shell in atoms.

When the method is applied to secondary electrons, the new device allows direct measurement of the evolution of processes inside the electron shell of atoms with a resolution of approx. 100 attoseconds.

We expect that transitions in atomic nuclei can be even better shielded from interactions with the environment than transitions in the electron shell.

Electronic configurations of the elements - The electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in the shell of an atom at various energy states.

Furthermore, because the structure of the electron shell is easier to measure using spectroscopy, it has become possible to use it to demonstrate a laser excitation of the nucleus.