Translation of "Nachholende entwicklung" in English

A "catching up development", after the example of the industrialized countries, was seen as aim.

The states that had gained their independence against European colonialism had attempted to implement development strategies at the expense of their rural populations, yet failed in economic terms.

In turn, the threshold and developing countries would have to accept the fact that economic development based on fossil fuels is no longer future-proof, so that they too would have to introduce transition measures towards a climate compatible society.

To enable the patient to catch up in ego development, it was necessary to offer a wide range of therapeutic situations, including individual, group and milieu therapy.

Through continuous psychotherapy, conflict management and catch-up development takes place in many areas, which exposes new resources to the patient.

The digitalization of public transport has progressed very differently and appropriate follow-up investments and developments are to be initiated.

Today the peasants are not pressed into service for catch-up capitalist development, today they are called on as a force to check this development.

I will discuss above all the catching up development of the central ego-function of the body ego, with special consideration of the role of the body help ego and the therapeutic identity made available in the dynamic-psychiatric clinic.

But there is no ethical argument that could deny poorer countries to strive for a "catching-up-development" with the goal of a comparable prosperity, which on a long-term basis would admittedly trigger a climate catastrophe.

Everywhere in the world the globalization promoted the expectation of a "catching up development".

Particular importance is attached to the identity aspect in the catching-up development of deficiently pronounced ego functions.

Developing and emerging countries are also insisting on their right to "catch up with development", and for that to be granted their rightful share in the as yet manageable 2.1 tonnes of emissions per capita and per year.

This phase started losing its momentum in the developed countries in the mid- 1970ies and came to a world-wide stop in the middle of the 2010 decade – regardless of the still prevailing development in the emerging economies of Brazil, China and India where some catching-up is under way.

Seen in this way, the phenomenal growth of populist attitudes in Poland is not merely a reaction to the rapid change in values brought about by EU accession and by the reforms that preceded it, but also a delayed version of the developments that took place in western Europe in the 1960s, whereby the '68ers carved out their way into the institutions and onto the job market through the de-legitimization of their parents' generation.

With the concept of state "sovereignty" and a copycat economic "development," it could hold off and neutralize the class struggle in these countries in the process of decolonization.

And today, with the ongoing violent conflict, a devastated infrastructure, and a teetering global economy as a backdrop, the future of the country doesn't look much like it will fulfill the promise of "catch-up development."

The focus is on 'catching-up development' in relation to those countries which – like Great Britain, France and the Netherlands – have paved the way for democracy and market economy.

We hold the view that ISIS, just like Islamism in the region more broadly, should be understood as a reaction to the failure of capitalist modernization generally, and so-called "catch-up development" [nachholende Entwicklung] in particular.

In the process of China's catching up with capitalist development, its state despotism chained the peasant-workers and migrant workers to the world's extended work bench, exported their products into the developed centres (especially the USA) at dumping prices, and was contented with payment promises (government bonds); this in turn made it possible for the USA to conceal the pauperization processes resulting from its own low-wage strategy through credit expansion, which itself was re-routed back out into the world.

With the late development of Fordism in Austria from the 1970s onwards, if not before, a lack of skilled workers in the capitalist economy became apparent and was much deplored.

Ecological leapfrogging can be an alternative to development-as-catching up. It provides strategies to directly enter the phase of sustainability without going through the resource-intensive production and consumption models of industrial societies.

In addition to a catching-up development of development deficits, a detection of remaining, buried and undiscovered resources takes place.

The belief that in the subsequent development phase and in imitation of European models the peoples of colonially demarcated territories could successfully be drawn into a political community has proved false, with few exceptions.