Translation of "Stoßbeanspruchung" in English

The advantages of the novel fillers are clear in all test results, in particular in the case of shock in the falling-ball test.

The cable is resistant against impact, vibration, and shock loads and features an UV-resistant outer sheath.

Material located between the grinding elements is crushed due to the impact stresses exerted.

The materials used must be chosen on the basis of the intended working environments, with special reference to corrosion, abrasion, impacts, cold brittleness and ageing.

For the purpose of defining the requirements for standardisation, the mandate will take into account the particular environment in which the seals have to be placed (high variations in temperature, exposure to mechanical shocks) and will stress the need to identify the workshops entrusted with installing the seals.

The materials used must be chosen on the basis of the intended working environments, with particular regard to corrosion, abrasion, impacts, extreme temperatures, fatigue, brittleness and ageing.

During this movement, the shock stress, which generally lasts for only a very brief period, may already have passed its dangerous peak.

Indeed, this known closure functions satisfactorily during motionless storage or vibrationless transportation, however, it does have the disadvantage that it can still open partially or entirely during strong jolt stresses on the container, thus resulting in leakages.

The pivoting lever is mounted in such a way that it cannot leave the securing position even under shock stress from any direction whatever.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, it is an object of the invention to design the mounting for the end sections of a bumper of the above-discussed type in such a way that, in case of an impact force on the end sections in the transverse vehicle direction, i.e., toward the vehicle body, the impact energy is readily absorbed at least up to a certain magnitude.

Since the intermediate layers 9, in the at rest positions of the end sections 3 of the bumper 1, as depicted in FIG. 2, are substantially centrally located relative to the curvatures d and e provided on the legs 6", 6"', these layers can slide within the curvatures d and e when an impact force occurs on the central section 2 of the bumper. The maximum movement necessarily accommodated corresponding to the telescoping depth of the shock absorbers 5 during the subsequent recoil of the central section 2 in the longitudinal vehicle direction, i.e., directions of the double arrow a. Due to the externally disposed rims of these curvatures, projecting toward the plane of symmetry c, no additional mounting of the end sections 3 is required.

With high impact and shock stresses, there is the danger that the supporting ring is damaged to such an extent that it can no longer fulfill the supporting and damping function with which it is entrusted.

In case the pallet container is subjected to vibration stress as well as impact stress, the damping effect of the supporting ring of polystyrene foam is not satisfactory.

In the molding, the ethylene polymer results in a dramatic reduction in the susceptibility to cracking under impact, but the thermoset character of the moldings, i.e. high heat distortion resistance and good surface properties, is retained.

Since these surfaces are inclined toward the plane of symmetry c of each retaining member 6, the two intermediate layers 9, formed of a rubber-elastic material, are compressed to a constantly more vigorous extent and to the same degree, and also the existing frictional resistance on their outside, in contact with the inclined surfaces 8, is continuously increased, whereby the impact energy introduced to the end sections 3 is damped and absorbed up to a specific magnitude. The magnitude corresponding to a relatively small impact stress, but up to at least a moderate impact stress, which can be absorbed without damage to the end sections 3 and their mountings.

It is generally known that the resistance to shock and impact stress is good in the case of polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and 1-polybutene.

Another advantage of the curvatures d resides in that once the impact stress exerted on the end sections 3 has disappeared, the intermediate layers 9 will naturally spring back, thus also reducing the frictional resistance, and thereby will tend to automatically return the end sections 3 to their at rest position by the thus-occurring sliding of the layers 9 along the smooth surfaces of the curvatures d in the transverse vehicle direction to their rest position, i.e., to the centralized transitional zone of curvatures d and e.

To reduce operational energy consumption and impact stresses, two annular electromagnets are mounted concentrically to each other and coaxially with the shaft of the symbol substrate.

During this movement, the shock stress, which generally lasts for only a very brief period, may already have passed its dangerous peak.

In the case of a strong shock stress 35, the upper latch part will move to the left until it is prevented from further movement by a limitation of the cut-out 24.

It has been found that this can be achieved by subjecting the mill base to greater shock by dry-milling.

This has the advantage that the danger of breakage for the rabbets in the event of additional impact stress from the front is slight.

Finally, the support insert provides an effective protection for the inner container of synthetic material against outer impact or shock loads and a light protection, particularly, a protection against UV radiation for light-sensitive liquid filling materials.

It has all of the technical and physical advantages of a laminated sheet composed of layers and press-molded at high pressure and temperature, for example high strength, low tendency to split on impact, dimensional stability and low moisture absorption.

When rolling in the internal teeth, as a result of the penetration of material into the tool tooth profile, bending and impact stress occurs to the teeth.

Accordingly, in this case too the tendency of the cured molding materials to shrink is still relatively high and the crack sensitivity under impact stress is considerable.

Bottom pan 10 of pallet 9 formed in this way is characterized by good damping capacity and high stiffness both under vibrational stress due to driving vibrations transmitted from the transport vehicle and surge vibrations proceeding from the liquid transport material as well as under external impact or shock stress so that container 1 fully satisfies high requirements with respect to the required transport and accident safety.