Übersetzung für "Blockguss" in Englisch

This avoids the considerable cutting losses entailed by the classic block casting or Czochralski methods.

This control is not available in ingot casting.

The new quasi-mono process takes a middle position between ingot casting and the Czochralski method.

We offer material from continuous and ingot casting.

Cast ingot and continious casting formats, precisely manufactured for any requirement as well as a variety of sectors and industries.

With this known method which has heretofore preferably been used for ingot casting the largest quantity of the oxygen which has been dissolved in the steel is normally initially bound by the addition of aluminium, and only thereafter the smaller quantity of such oxygen by blowing-in calcium.

More than 80% of all solar cells are currently made from crystalline silicon wafers manufactured either using the Czochralski method or by means of block casting.

Unlike the block casting or Czochralski methods, the film method permits a marked reduction in the manufacturing costs, since the ratio of cutting losses to wafer volume does not increase here as the wafers become thinner.

This applies to the currently dominant block-cast and Czochralski-type wafers, to the silicon films which will presumably find greater application in the medium term, and to the crystalline silicon thin-film solar cells which might be possible in the future.

Not only that, E.M.S. is also the means to make continuously cast steel by far better than ingot cast steel.

Ingots had been replaced by continuous casting and the resulting products could be rolled directly Into the well known sections, merchant bars, plates and strip.

During ingot pouring the required deoxidation of the steel is obtained by the addition of large quantities of aluminium, and it must be ensured that also an adequate quantity of aluminium remains in the steel even if the oxygen content was particularly high prior to deoxidation.

With this known method which has heretofore preferably been used for ingot casting the largest quantity of the oxygen which has been dissolved in the steel is normally initially bound by the addition of aluminium, and only thereafter the smaller quantity of such oxygen by blowing-in calcium.

This hot working is one of the methods which follow the primary forming (ingot casting, continuous casting).

The steel thus produced can be processed further by means of different casting methods, such as ingot casting, continuous casting, thin-strip casting or strand casting.

For example, starting from cylindrical slabs or billets cast by the ingot-casting method or by the continuous-casting method, the extrusion of tubes and the hot-rolling of tube blanks are applied as the currently normal method of hot-forming for large reductions in cross-section.

This replaces the ingot casting method customarily used for microcrystalline silicon cells, in which the crucible and its coating provide a source for impurities and disruptive foreign nucleating agents.

Multicrystalline silicon is produced cost-effectively by means of ingot casting, but does not attain the efficiency of standard monocrystalline silicon, which is grown in a complex process using the Czochralski method.

Twin-ladle furnace built by SMS group © SMS group With the new process route in place, more construction steel billets will be continuously cast at this site, gradually replacing ingot casting.

In the case of ingot casting, additional alloying in the mould is carried out.

In a general form, for ingot casting we have: ? 1

Unlike ingot casting, dendritic crystallisation prevails in continuous casting.

Heat is removed from convent ional ingots through the four mould walls and the baseplate.

In addition, a sedimentation model was developed to evaluate macrosegregation in ingot casting.

Cogged ingots from three of the melts were also examined to a limited extent.

In the case of continuous castings, this corresponds to a 20-fold forming, and a 200-fold forming in the case of the ingots.

In the case of melt F, cogged ingots were also tested.

Both techniques are applicable to ingot or continuous casting.

This method is particularly economical, since by comparison with cogged ingots the rolling heat is saved.

One characteristic of continuous casting with smaller cross-sections is that by comparison with cogged ingots, solidification takes place much more quickly.

In spice of that, cogged ingot and agitated continuous casting show the same distribution of hardness (Fig. 20).

In the case of zirconium, additions for both ingot and continuous casting are made under vacuum.

In laboratory casting experiments, R. Alberny (55) investigated the effects of hardening rate and overheating, vibration and electro magnetic stirring, as well as the effect of alloying additions, on the formation of the primary structure of ingots.

In addition, the majority of the investigations were carried out on ingot casting, where the solidification rate and temperature pattern are coupled through the heat flow and cannot be independently altered.

Only in except­ional caees do industrial steelmaking conditions favour a smooth interface, namely in surface zones of conventional ingots and continuously cast strands, or in the solidification of rimming steel.

The fundamental question of concentration distribution at the phase boundary is also technologically important because of the high rates of growth at edge zones in ingots and continuously cast strands.

The procese of heat removal during ingot casting is of great importance both from the viewpoint of the time taken to solidify as well for the qual ity of the resulting ingot.

Segregation phenomena and the resulting materials problems arising during ingot and continuous casting have recently received increasing att­ention by way of fundamental work on the solidification of steel and the formation of the crystalline structure.

A significant improvement in the cost situation is seen in the replacement of the conventional block casting process with subsequent mechanical slicing into wafers by high-speed foil casting processes.

Particularly in wires drawn from the material from the bottom of the ingot inclusion sizes of 50 to 100 ?m were found and behaviour towards deformation of these nonmetallic inclusions which are formed in non-killed ingot casting is essentially more unfavourable.